子张第十九
『１』子张曰∶「士见危致命，见得思义，祭思敬，丧思哀，其可已矣。」
『２』子张曰∶「执德不弘，信道不笃，焉能为有？焉能为亡？」
『３』子夏之门人，问「交」於子张。子张曰∶「子夏云何？」对曰∶「子夏曰∶
『可者与之，其不可者拒之。』」子张曰∶「异乎吾所闻∶『君子尊贤而容众，嘉
善而矜不能。』我之大贤与，於人何所不容?我之不贤与，人将拒我，如之何其拒
人也！」
『４』子夏曰∶「虽小道，必有可观者焉；致远恐泥，是以君子不为也。」
『５』子夏曰∶「日知其所亡，月无忘其所能，可谓好学也已矣！」
『６』子夏曰∶「博学而笃志，切问而近思；仁在其中矣。」
『７』子夏曰∶「百工居肆以成其事；君子学以致其道。」
『８』子夏曰∶「小人之过也必文。」
『９』子夏曰∶「君子有三变∶望之俨然；即之也温；听其言也厉。」
『１０』 子夏曰：「君子信而後劳其民；未信，则以为厉己也。信而後谏
；未信，则以为谤己也。」
『１１』子夏曰：「大德不逾闲；小德出入可也。」
『１２』子游曰：「子夏之门人小子，当洒扫，应对，进退，则可矣。抑末也；
本之则无，如之何？」子夏闻之，曰：「噫！言游过矣！君子之道，孰先传
焉？孰後倦焉？譬诸草木，区以别矣。君子之道，焉可诬也？有始有卒者，
其惟圣人乎！」
『１３』子夏曰：「仕而优则学；学而优则仕。」
『１４』子游曰：「丧致乎哀而止。」
『１５』子游曰：「吾友张也，为难能也；然而未仁。」
『１６』曾子曰：「堂堂乎张也！难与并为仁矣。」
『１７』曾子曰：「吾闻诸夫子：『人未有自致者也。必也亲丧乎！』」
『１８』曾子曰：「吾闻诸夫子：『孟庄子之孝也，其他可能也，
其不改父之臣与父之政，是难能也。』」
『１９』孟氏使阳肤为士师，问於曾子。曾子曰：「上失其道，民散久矣！
如得其情，则哀矜而勿喜。」
『２０』子贡曰：「纣之不善，不如是之甚也。是以君子恶居下流，天下之恶皆归
焉。」
『２１』子贡曰：「君子之过也，如日月之食焉。过也，人皆见之；更也，人皆仰
之。」
『２２』卫公孙朝问於子贡曰：「仲尼焉学？」子贡曰：「文武之道，未坠於地，
在人。贤者识其大者，不贤者识其小者，莫不有文武之道焉。夫子焉不学，
而亦何常师之有！」
『２３』叔孙武叔语大夫於朝曰：「子贡贤於仲尼。」子服景伯以告子贡。
子贡曰：「譬之宫墙：赐之墙也及肩，窥见屋家之好；夫子之墙数仞，
不得其门而入，不见宗庙之美，百官之富。得其门者或寡矣！夫子之云，
不亦宜乎！」
『２４』叔孙武叔毁仲尼。子贡曰：「无以为也！仲尼不可毁也。他人之贤者，
丘陵也，犹可逾也；仲尼，日月也，无得而逾焉。人虽欲自绝，
其何伤於日月乎？多见其不知量也！」
『２５』陈子禽谓子贡曰：「子为恭也，仲尼岂贤於子乎？」子贡曰：
「君子一言以为知，一言以为不知，言不可不慎也！夫子之不可及也，
犹天之不可阶而升也。夫子之得邦家者。所谓『立之斯立，道之期行，
绥之斯来，动之斯和。其生也荣，其死也哀』；如之何其可及也？」
19:1 Tzu Chang said: "The shih who faced with danger can abandon his life; who seeing an opportunity for gain, thinks of Righteousness; who at rituals is reverent and who at funerals is sorrowful: he is worth something."
19:2 Tzu Chang said: "Keeping one's virtue without extending it; trusting the Tao without enriching it. What can you gain? And what can you get rid of?"
19:3 The disciples of Tzu Hsia were conversing with Tzu Chang, who asked them: "What does your teacher tell you?"
One replied, "Associate with the capable and keep away from the incapable."
Tzu Chang said, "This is different from what I have heard. The Superior Man venerates the worthy but accepts everyone. He praises the good and pities the incapable. Now if I were a worthy, whom should I not accept? If I am unworthy, shall people cast me aside? How can you just push people away like this?"
19:4 Tzu Hsia said, "If somewhat has just a small attainment of the way, it can be observed. But if he tries to extend it too far, it will lose its functioning. Therefore, the Superior Man does not do this."
19:5 Tzu Hsia said: "Someone who is aware every day of what he lacks, and every month does not forget what he has developed, can be called 'a lover of learning.'"
19:6 Tzu Hsia said: "Studying widely and thickening your will, questioning precisely and reflecting on things at hand: jen lies in this."
19:7 Tzu Hsia said: "The artisans stay in their shops in order to accomplish their works. The Superior Man studies in order to actualize his Tao."
19:8 Tzu Hsia said: "The inferior man always glosses over his errors."
19:9 Tzu Hsia said: "The Superior Man has three appearances. From afar, he appears majestic; close up, he seems warm; listening to his speech, he seems polished."
19:10 Tzu Hsia said: "After the ruler has the trust of the people, they will toil for him. If he doesn't have their trust, they will regard him as oppressive. If they trust him, they will criticize him openly. If they don't trust him, they will slander him behind his back."
19:11 Tzu Hsia said: "As long as you don't transgress the norm of great virtue, you may utilize small virtues freely."
19:13 Tzu Hsia said: "After you have accomplished your job, then study. After you have accomplished your studies, then get a job."
19:14 Tzu Lu said: "When mourning has expended itself in grief, it should end."
19:15 Tzu Lu said: "My friend Chang can handle difficulty, but is not yet perfect in jen."
19:16 Tseng Tzu said: "How imposing Chang is. It is difficult to practice jen with him."
19:17 Tseng Tzu said: "I have heard this from our master: `If a man has not yet fully experienced himself, he will when his parents die.'"
19:18 Tseng Tzu said: "I heard our Master say, `In other matters, the filial piety of Ming Chung Tzu was nothing special. But his running his government without changing his father's ministers or systems--this was quite difficult.'"
19:19 Yang Fu, having been appointed Minister of Righteousness by the Meng clan, consulted with Tseng Tzu. Tseng said, "When those in power lose their sense of justice, the people will scatter from them, and it will be a long time before they return. When you are aware of their suffering, then you should be sorrowful, never joyful."
19:21 Tzu Kung said: "The faults of the Superior Man are like the eclipses of the sun and moon--everyone sees them. But when he corrects them, everyone looks up to him."
19:22 Kung Sun Ch'ao of Wei asked Tzu Kung: "From whom did Confucius get his learning?"
Tzu Kung said, "The Tao of King Wen and King Wu (the legendary sage-kings of antiquity) has not yet sunk into the ground. The Worthies have assimilated the major points, and the less-than-worthy have assimilated the minor points. There is no place where the Tao of Wen and Wu does not exist, so how could the Master not learn it? Why would he need to get it from a certain teacher?"
19:23 Shu-sun Wu-shu, addressing the major officers of his court, said: "Tzu Kung is superior to Confucius."
Tzu-fu Ching-po told this to Tzu Kung, who commented, "Let me use a simile of a castle and its wall. My wall is only shoulder high, which you may look over and see the desirables that lie inside. My Master's wall is several tens of feet high and if you can't find the door and enter by it, you will not see the beauty of its ancestral temple, nor the splendor of its hundred officers. Those who find the door are few indeed. Are not my Master's words even more difficult to grasp?"
19:24 Tzu Kung, having heard about Shu-sun Wu-shu's disparagement of Confucius, said, "It is ridiculous talking this way. Confucius cannot be slandered. The virtue of other men is like a small hill, which can be climbed over. Confucius is like the sun and the moon. There is no way they can be climbed over. Even if you want to cut yourself off from the sun and moon, how can you hurt them? It is easy to see that Wu-shu does not know value."